My Research for Unit 10
By John Smith
Whats going to be talked about...
Today I will be talking about three different types of microphones including their pros and cons, Price ranges, concentration of phantom power, and a few images to match, I hope you enjoy the following presentation.
Dynamic Microphone.
Dynamic microphones work via electromagnetic induction. They are robust, relatively inexpensive and resistant to moisture. This, coupled with their potentially high gain before feedback, makes them ideal for on-stage use.
Moving-coil microphones use the same dynamic principle as in a loudspeaker, only reversed. A small movable induction coil, positioned in the magnetic field of a permanent magnet, is attached to the diaphragm. When sound enters through the windscreen of the microphone, the sound wave moves the diaphragm. When the diaphragm vibrates, the coil moves in the magnetic field, producing a varying current in the coil through electromagnetic induction. The phantom power is quite high on dynamic microphones which is probably another reason as to where its name came from.
Condenser Microphone.
RF condenser microphones use a comparatively low RF voltage, generated by a low-noise oscillator. The signal from the oscillator may either be amplitude modulated by the capacitance changes produced by the sound waves moving the capsule diaphragm, or the capsule may be part of a resonant circuit that modulates the frequency of the oscillator signal. Demodulation yields a low-noise audio frequency signal with a very low source impedance. The absence of a high bias voltage permits the use of a diaphragm with looser tension, which may be used to achieve wider frequency response due to higher compliance. The phantom power on Condenser Microphones are slightly balanced out so that the frequency doesn't
Ribbon Microphone.
Ribbon microphones use a thin, usually corrugated metal ribbon suspended in a magnetic field. The ribbon is electrically connected to the microphone's output, and its vibration within the magnetic field generates the electrical signal. Ribbon microphones are similar to moving coil microphones in the sense that both produce sound by means of magnetic induction. Basic ribbon microphones detect sound in a bi-directional (also called figure-eight, as in the diagram below) pattern because the ribbon, which is open to sound both front and back, responds to the pressure gradient rather than the sound pressure. The phantom power is fairly low for this model of microphone.
Price Ranges.
Prices of microphones in this day and age can range from 100$ to over 100,000$ depending on their quality, sound output, model and the company that has made the microphone. The price ranges of microphones can sometimes be very high and even in the millions! So make sure you don't get over your spending limit when getting one.
