Task 2 J Smith

How microphones connect to other equipment.

Many different microphones have been connected to audio equipment—including PA systems, radios, tape recorders,mixing desks and numerous other devices.

Microphones connect to other equipment through microphone jacks or XLRs plug depending on the device they are connecting to, many other terms are involved with microphone connections including connectors, phantom power, DC and other references into the microphone topic.

Stage Setup For Gig.

Equipment:
Guitar
Bass
Keyboards 2x
Mixing Desk
Speakers x4-6
Drum Kit
Dynamic Microphone x3

• The mixing desk should go around the back possibly near a computer for additional mixing capabilities.
• The singer/guitarist should be at the front so they can be well heard and the sound range is perfectly matched with the feedback and frequency.
• the drums should be at the near-back so the sound can harmonize but not interfere with the guitarists/singers or pianist.
• The pianist should be at the front near the guitarists/singers so that they can be in time at a more audible range.

Health and Safety.

• Chairs must be at a suitable distance from the stage as not to give the audience headache or so that they are hearing too much of it.
• Musicians must make sure everything is plugged in and set up correctly before playing as not to receive the wrong amount of feedback from the equipment or cause any other hazards.
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10 J Smith Task 1

My Research for Unit 10

By John Smith

Whats going to be talked about...

Today I will be talking about three different types of microphones including their pros and cons, Price ranges, concentration of phantom power, and a few images to match, I hope you enjoy the following presentation.

Dynamic Microphone.

Dynamic microphones work via electromagnetic induction. They are robust, relatively inexpensive and resistant to moisture. This, coupled with their potentially high gain before feedback, makes them ideal for on-stage use.
Moving-coil microphones use the same dynamic principle as in a loudspeaker, only reversed. A small movable induction coil, positioned in the magnetic field of a permanent magnet, is attached to the diaphragm. When sound enters through the windscreen of the microphone, the sound wave moves the diaphragm. When the diaphragm vibrates, the coil moves in the magnetic field, producing a varying current in the coil through electromagnetic induction. The phantom power is quite high on dynamic microphones which is probably another reason as to where its name came from.

Condenser Microphone.

RF condenser microphones use a comparatively low RF voltage, generated by a low-noise oscillator. The signal from the oscillator may either be amplitude modulated by the capacitance changes produced by the sound waves moving the capsule diaphragm, or the capsule may be part of a resonant circuit that modulates the frequency of the oscillator signal. Demodulation yields a low-noise audio frequency signal with a very low source impedance. The absence of a high bias voltage permits the use of a diaphragm with looser tension, which may be used to achieve wider frequency response due to higher compliance. The phantom power on Condenser Microphones are slightly balanced out so that the frequency doesn't 

Ribbon Microphone.

Ribbon microphones use a thin, usually corrugated metal ribbon suspended in a magnetic field. The ribbon is electrically connected to the microphone's output, and its vibration within the magnetic field generates the electrical signal. Ribbon microphones are similar to moving coil microphones in the sense that both produce sound by means of magnetic induction. Basic ribbon microphones detect sound in a bi-directional (also called figure-eight, as in the diagram below) pattern because the ribbon, which is open to sound both front and back, responds to the pressure gradient rather than the sound pressure. The phantom power is fairly low for this model of microphone.

Price Ranges.

Prices of microphones in this day and age can range from 100$ to over 100,000$ depending on their quality, sound output, model and the company that has made the microphone. The price ranges of microphones can sometimes be very high and even in the millions! So make sure you don't get over your spending limit when getting one.